His avowed aim was: to put an end to the anarchy in the interior of France, to check the attacks upon the throne and the altar, to reestablish the legal power, to restore to the king the security and the liberty of which he is now deprived and to place him in a position to exercise once more the legitimate authority which belongs to him. He was cousin, and from 1795 the brother-in-law of George IV, who was Prince Regent of the United Kingdom from 1811. The couple were second cousins to each other, being great-grandchildren of George I of Great Britain. "[13], In 1803 the process of German Mediatisation led to the acquisition of the neighbouring imperial abbeys of Gandersheim and Helmstedt, which were secularised. [citation needed], Charles I died in 1780, at which point Charles William Ferdinand inherited the throne. At the outbreak of the War of the First Coalition in the early summer of 1792, Ferdinand was poised with military forces at Coblenz. [10] He also never married. By the time, Brunswick-Lüneburg had consolidated back into two states, Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and the Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover). [14] The largest Patriot force, 7,000 men under the Rhinegrave of Salm, was quickly out-manoeuvred and forced to abandon Utrecht, which the Duke occupied on 16 September. William died in 1884; he passed on his private possessions to the Duke of Cumberland. The duke was a cultured and benevolent despot in the model of Frederick the Great, and was married to Princess Augusta, a sister of George III of Great Britain. p. 687. He ruled first over the Principality of Calenberg, a subdivision of the duchy, then over the Lüneburg subdivision. William left most government business to his ministers, and he spent most of his time outside of his state at his possessions in Oels. William, Duke of Brunswick, lying in state at Braunschweig Germany, engraving, illustration from the magazine The Graphic, volume XXX, no 780, November 8, 1884. Charles II, Duke of Brunswick (German: Karl II. When his brother, Charles, was deposed as ruling duke by a rebellion in 1830, William took over the government provisionally. [note 1][7] However George III was less welcoming, and sought to express his displeasure through numerous small insults e.g. The couple's third son was August (1770–1822). William, Duke of Brunswick (German: Wilhelm August Ludwig Maximilian Friedrich; 25 April 1806 – 18 October 1884), was ruling duke of the Duchy of Brunswick from 1830 until his death. Indeed, the duke was once moved to describe his children to von Massenbach as "mostly cripples in mind and body."[21]. He became a Prussian major in 1823. When news spread of a combined Austrian and Prussian army led by Brunswick marching into French soil on the days after the Manifesto was publicized, the Paris populace, already incensed by the threat against the city, exploded into violence. [3] The Patriots were out-manoeuvred and overwhelmed: their militias were unable to put up any real resistance, were forced to abandon their insurrection, and many Patriots fled to France.[15]. The hereditary prince's reputation improved throughout, and he became an acknowledged master of irregular warfare. Shortly after they married, the prince had the Schloss Richmond built for his wife. Frederick William II of Prussia appointed him as commander of a 20,000-strong Prussian force which was to invade the United Provinces of the Netherlands (The Dutch Republic). The structure of the high command has been particularly criticised by historians, with multiple officers developing differing plans and then disagreeing on which should be followed, leading to disorganisation and indecision. He received an unusually wide and thorough education, overseen by his mother. As such, they were not related in a particularly close degree, yet there had been many bonds of marriage between the House of Brunswick-Bevern and the House of Hanover, themselves both branches of the House of Welf. He joined the Prussian army in 1789 as a captain and participated in battles against Revolutionary France. The Duke was disappointed that the British remained neutral. [citation needed] He was the first-born son of Charles I, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and his wife Philippine Charlotte. However, in 1806 Prussia declared war on France, beginning the War of the Fourth Coalition. He succeeded his father as sovereign prince of the Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, one of the princely states of the Holy Roman Empire. The goal was to suppress the Patriots of the Batavian Revolution, restoring the authority of the stadtholder William V of the House of Orange. Prussia did not take part in the Second Coalition or Third Coalition against Revolutionary France. "[10] Nevertheless, he was married in 1790 to Frederika of Orange-Nassau, daughter of William V, Prince of Orange, a gentle, good-hearted woman who remained devoted to him to the end. George William Georg Wilhelm (Herzberg am Harz, 26 January 1624 – 28 August 1705, Wienhausen) was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. [citation needed], From 1778 to 1779 he served in the War of the Bavarian Succession. Brunswick and Hanover should have been rejoined at that time, but Prussia had annexed the kingdom of Hanover in 1866 and now prevented the younger branch of the house of Brunswick from taking up the ducal crown. He was the fourth son of German prince and Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand and his wife Princess Augusta of Great Britain. The duke commanded the large Prussian army at Auerstedt during the double Battle of Jena–Auerstedt on 14 October 1806. He was blind and was also excluded from the succession. After a visit to Naples they returned to Paris, and thence to Brunswick. [4][2] He received a rapturous welcome from the British people, thanks to his service with allied British troops during the war. Despite being over 70 years old, the Duke of Brunswick returned to command the Prussian army at the personal request of Louise, Queen of Prussia.[3]. 65 relations. Cambridge University Press. She looked very simple, like a vicar's wife, has I am sure many admirable qualities, and is very respectable, but completely lacks manners. George William was the second son of George, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg.In 1648, he received Calenberg from his elder brother Christian Louis when Christian Louis inherited Lüneburg. Charles William Ferdinand was part of the allied Anglo-German force at the Battle of Minden (1759), and the Battle of Warburg (1760). Charles William Ferdinand was born in the town of Wolfenbüttel on 9 October 1735, probably in Wolfenbüttel Castle. 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