EXTREMELY TOXIC, DO NOT EAT. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Alternate, pinnately-compound leaves with varyingly shaped leaflets. http://www.cabi.org/cabebooks/ebook/20143417132, NZPCN, 2014. Taiwan Plant Names, eFloras website., St. Louis, MO and Cambridge, MA, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden and Harvard University Herbaria. Foto n. 133843 - Patata (Solanum tuberosum) Tubers at Maui County Fair Kahului, Maui - Credit: Forest and Kim Starr - Plants of Hawaii - Image licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License, permitting sharing and adaptation with attribution. http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=101. The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. Worldwide, the use of potatoes for alcohol production is negligible, but can be important in some locations. EDIBLE PARTS: Tubers edible but discard sprouts and never eat tubers if they look spoiled or green below the skin. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/PEC. Vasyutin AS, Yakovleva VA, 1998. Elzebroek, T., Wind, K., 2008. Solanum phureja Juz. Square-shaped stems, sometimes with wings on the edges. The white potato is often referred to as the "Irish potato" because of Ireland’s 19th-century dependence on that … Bello Espinosa D, 1881. Chapman & Hall Ltd. London UK, xxii + 730 pp. In Antioquia, Colombia the species has been reported growing in Lower Montane Rain Forest (bh-MB) and Lower Montane Wet Forest (Vascular Plants of Antioquia, 2014), while in Bolivia it is recorded growing in dry valleys, the Yungas forest, and humid puna grassland of the central Andes region (Bolivia Checklist, 2014). Common Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Description. S. tuberosum is a complex species with diploid, triploid and tetraploid representatives. It cannot grow in the shade. Catalogue of the Seed Plants of the West Indies. Flora Mesoamericana. Malabar, Florida, USA: Krieger Publishing Company. http://tropicos.org/NameSearch.aspx?projectid=7, Flora of Pakistan, 2014. Planting instructions: Do not plant in soil where other members of the Solanum family (such as tomatoes, brinjals and sweet peppers) have recently been grown. If you enter just a plant name, you will see results from the old RHS Plant Finder and Selector databases; If you select any attributes with or without a plant name, you will see a much narrower selection of results taken only from the old RHS Plant Selector database. http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=2, Flora of Missouri, 2014. Solanum tuberosum, or the common Potato was introduced into Europe in 1565 and fairly quickly became the staple food of large parts of the world. Description: Potatoes can be grown in most soils, other than heavy clay. andigena) and cv. The potato is a perennial plant that is easy to grow and wonderful to eat, freshly dug from the garden. Taiwan Plant Names, 2014. Vascular – Exotic. Production. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is the most common method for the incorporation of foreign genes into the genome of potato as well as many other species in the Solanaceae family. Solanum est un genre de plantes dicotylédones de la famille des Solanaceae, sous-famille des Solanoideae, à répartition quasi-cosmopolite, mais présent surtout dans les régions tropicales d'Amérique. In: Solanaceae: Biology and Systematics. The vegetable known as sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. Tubers are capable of regenerating, Solanum tuberosum subsp. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the University of South Florida and other herbaria. http://tropicos.org/Project/CV, Vascular Plants of Ecuador, 2014. andigena), mainly occurring in South America from Venezuela to northern Argentina and is supposed to have originated by chromosome doubling in an unknown wild diploid species from the Andean region between Bolivia and Venezuela. Solanum is a large and diverse genus of flowering plants, which include three food crops of high economic importance, the potato, the tomato and the eggplant (aubergine, brinjal). July, 2011. This family includes some of the world’s most important crop plant species, including potatoes, peppers, and tomatoes, as well as some of the world’s deadliest plant species, including belladonna (Atropa belladonna), jimsonweed (Datura stramonium), satan’s apple (Mandragora officinarum) and black henbane (Hyoscyamus niger). [English title not available]. Solanum tuberosum (potato); leaves, stem and a small potato tuber. Flora of Nicaragua, Tropicos website. (Apuntes para la flora de Puerto Rico. Primera parte.) The graphs are built from data from all publications in the database with this species name. Fox RB, 1952. N.C. Medicinal plants of Asia and the Pacific. 52 [ed. http://tropicos.org/Project/IPCN. Mesoamericana. Potato is tolerant of most soils, except heavy, waterlogged clays. Jaeger P-ML, Hepper FN, 1986. The genus Solanum includes the potato, S. tuberosum, the tomato, S. lycopersicum, and the aubergine, S. melongena, with many other members cultivated for medicinal and ornamental uses. Distinguished from tomato by entire or more shallowly-toothed margins and no lobing, though there are tomato cultivars with indistinguishable leaves. St. Louis, Missouri, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden. Family Solanaceae, Genus Solanum. As well as being excellent in salads, ‘Charlotte’ tubers also make great small jacket potatoes. New York, USA: Columbia University Press, 91-96. The tetraploid plants are most important worldwide; they are classified into two cultivar groups: cv. Handbook of Energy Crops. Goji. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden, 78:1-581. Kula Agriculture Station, Maui, Hawaii, USA. Duke (1983) states: In the USA, potatoes are injured by more than 100 species of insects, especially the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata). Nat, 10:231-304. Plant seed pieces 5-6 in apart with the eyes facing up. Taiwan Plant Names, eFloras website. This and the simple cooking methods contribute to potato's importance as a major world crop. http://tropicos.org/Project/CE. Cooperative Extension, which staffs local offices in all 100 counties and with the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians. Species: Solanum tuberosum. Promoting international collaboration for potato late blight disease management. CABI is a registered EU trademark. Hughes MJ, Pitt AJ, Gorogo GD, Waiange JK, 1989. Whole, they may be boiled, roasted or steamed in their skins; they may be peeled and then boiled or steamed and mashed with margarine or butter, with or without milk, or they may be baked or roasted. The Cambridge world history of food. Renner, Texas, USA: Texas Research Foundation, 499-507, 517-539. Scientific name : Solanum tuberosum. St. Louis, Missouri and Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden and Harvard University Herbaria. http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=11, Flora of Nicaragua, 2014. Category : Veggies. Holm L, Pancho J V, Herberger J P, Plucknett D L, 1979. Lainsbury et al. Hijmans RJ, Forbes GA, Walker TS, 2000. more details ... Back. Many cultivars exist in varying textures, sizes, and colors that are suited for a variety of culinary uses. Whole leaves grow up to 10 in long and leaflets 3 in long. It is based upon molecular data of both chloroplast and nuclear DNA. London, UK: University of Nottingham, 281-291. In: Solanaceae: biology and systematics, [ed. Segunda parte. Evaluation of ioxynil, fluroxypyr and clopyralid for the control of volunteer potato in vegetable crops. As they grow, pile soil or mulch up around the base of the plant– this encourages the growth of more tubers along the submerged parts of the stem. Solanum tuberosum (potato); white flowers. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/FM, Flora of China Editorial Committee, 2014. https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomysimple.aspx, Vascular Plants of Antioquia, 2014. Duke JA, 1983. Categories: Fruits and Vegetables. Solanum tuberosum L. Show All Show Tabs Irish potato General Information; Symbol: SOTU ... or see all the Solanum thumbnails at the Plants Gallery ©Richard A. Howard. Flora of Pakistan/Pakistan Plant Database (PPD)., St. Louis, Missouri and Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden and Harvard University Herbaria. Cribb PJ, Hawkes JG, 1986. Transgenic potatoes have been engineered to generate an immune response to Escherichia coli infection in humans and have potential as a new strategy for development of safe and inexpensive vaccines against diseases such as tetanus, diphtheria and hepatitis B. Glasgow, UK: Blackie & Son Ltd., 82-105. Solanum tuberosum is native to Central and South America, but is now widely naturalized beyond its native range in extra-tropical regions and is considered a weed in many places including Australia, Indonesia, Micronesia, India, and Turkey (Holm et al., 1979; Randall, 2012). http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/Indices/index_ab.html. It is commonly thought that the optimum range is 4.8 to 7.0, but high yields of good quality potatoes are obtained on soils of above 8.0 pH, as on the Wisbech series in Lincolnshire, UK. Water the tubers thoroughly two weeks before harvesting, and leave them to dry on the soil surface for … From databases such as the CDD, SMART database and PFAM database, a total of five NRAMP genes in Solanum tuberosum, nine NRAMP genes in Capsicum annuum, 12 NRAMP genes in O. sativa, five NRAMP genes in Nicotiana attenuate, and 9 NRAMP genes in S. lycopersicum were filtered and then named StNRAMP1-StNRAMP5, CaNRAMP1-CaNRAMP9, OsNRAMP 1–12, and NaNRAMP1-5, … A specimen of the species was collected in Haiti in 1928 (Smithsonian Herbarium Collection). Plant Pathology, 49(6):697-705; 24 ref. Compendium record. The Atlas of Florida Plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. Polipoli, Maui, Hawaii, USA. More information about modern web browsers can be found at http://browsehappy.com/. The potato is a perennial plant that is easy to grow and wonderful to eat, freshly dug from the garden. Late blight of potato [Phytopthora infestans] and its control in Russia. Potato Research, 26: 323-362. Potatoes are rich in starch and may affect glycemic control and insulin levels in … Do this once the plants are one foot tall and once or twice more throughout the season. Origin and distinctions of domesticates. Key features: Prefers rich soil Salad potatoes have grown in popularity in recent years, thanks to their delicious flavour and waxy texture. Scientific name: Solanum tuberosum; Common name: Irish potato, White Potato; Origin: Chiloé, Chonos-Archipel, Chile; Planting time: from March/April; Plant height: up to 3 feet or taller; contain vitamin C as well as; high-quality proteins B6 and C; Every German consumes an average of 110 pounds of potatoes per year. http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=101, USDA-ARS, 2014. Black Nightshade. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Insects. It is widespread in cultivation, with major producers including China, Russia, Poland, the USA, Ukraine, Germany and India. South American Solanaceae: a synoptic survey. The species was initially used in Europe to feed pigs, before becoming a staple crop for humans (Wiart, 2006). Solanum tuberosum. http://botany.si.edu/Antilles/WestIndies/catalog.htm, CABI, Undated. Apart from secondary stems, a stem may develop branches at higher nodes several times during its growth. In Ecuador the species has been reported between 0 and 4500 m (Vascular Plants of Ecuador, 2014), and in Bolivia it has been observed between 2500 and 4000 m and is capable of tolerating dry soil (Bolivia Checklist, 2014). During the 18th and 19th Centuries the potato was introduced into several tropical and subtropical countries, including the South-East Asian region, mainly by colonists from Europe. L. I. Kostina (0 active accession[s]) Solanum tuberosum L. subsp. Root system usually 40-50 cm deep, without obstructions up to 1 m. Tubers developing at the tip of the stolons, globose to ellipsoid, very variable in size, weight and colour; tuber skin with scars of scale leaves ('eyebrows'), axillary buds ('eyes', usually several eye buds per eyebrow), numerous lenticels, almost impermeable to chemicals, gases and liquids, providing good protection against microorganisms and water loss; number of eyes very variable, normally about 10-15 on a tuber of 50 g. Stems up to 1.5 cm in diameter, usually hollow, winged; wings sometimes decurrent and undulate-crenulate. It prefers moist soil. The Distribution Table does not list all the countries where S. tuberosum is grown as a crop. (Bot.) Description Solanum stoloniferum distribution map. http://www.theplantlist.org. Polipoli, Maui, Hawaii, USA. Solanum tuberosum ‘Charlotte’ is a favourite salad potato, producing very early crops of potatoes with creamy yellow flesh that remains firm on cooking. Solanum tuberosum Taxonomy ID: 4113 (for references in articles please use NCBI:txid4113) current name. Solanum tuberosum - Irish potato Michigan State University. The species is a rich source of protein, vitamin C and starch. Potato production and consumption in developing countries. Twiss PTG, 1963. Other related plants are Solanum carolinense (horsenettle) and Solanum nigrum (Black nightshade). Solanum tuberosum is a PERENNIAL. group Andigena (S. tuberosum subsp. Solanum tuberosum L. subsp. Papers from the International Symposium on the Biology and Systematics of the Solanaceae [ed. Datura innoxia. Short daylengths (12-13 hours) lead to earlier maturity. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). New York, USA: John Wiley and Sons, 391 pp. One or more of the features that are needed to show you the maps functionality are not available in the web browser that you are using. Most commercial cultivars of potato tuberize best in cool climates with night temperatures below 20°C. Based on the current literature, the species poses a risk to native flora. In the Americas, S. tuberosum can be grown from sea level up to 4500 m. In Nicaragua the species has been observed at 800-1000 m (Flora of Nicaragua, 2014), while in Panama it has been observed between 1000 and 2000 m (Panama Checklist, 2014). Solanum stoloniferum (stoloniferum means “bearing stolons”) is a widespread and highly variable species, ranging in height from about 7 to 24 inches, ranging from the southwest US to southern Mexico. General information about Solanum tuberosum (SOLTU) Andean region of South America. St. Louis, MO and Cambridge, MA, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden and Harvard University Herbaria. For North Carolina's climate and soil, some of the most reliable cultivars include thinner skinned potatoes such as ‘Yukon Gold’, ‘Kennebec’, and ‘Red Pontiac’. 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